The project will consider several test sites located in the Western Balkan countries and compare them with sites located in the EU or outside: wastes of coal mines and coal burning power plants, as well as from aluminium industry. It will proceed by the investigation of selected occurences for: -assessing the presence and type of radionuclides in the primary and wastes products, and their parameters -analysing and identi fying the pathways for dispersion of radionuclides (erosion, dust re-suspension, surface water, groundwater) in the neighbourhood of the wastes, and defining the impact of the wastes on the ecosystem. -assesing the impact on health of the population i n the plants and in the vicinity of the wastes from the presence of radionuclides (gas-emission, inhalation) -defining the risk from the use of by-products of the wastes (building material that contais fly ash, disposal in engineered surface impoundement s and landfills, industrial product based on waste material). Based on the results of these case studies, the project will: -examine the radiation protection management and the monitoring practice for the investigated test-sites, -it will develop recom mendations for each type of tailing dump in order to optimise the existing protection and remediation practice -it will promote the adoption of existing legislation and regulations in the